ARTICHOKE PROVENCALE

Steps:

• Cover the bottom of a saute pan with 1/8 cup olive oil and heat. Add the garlic and shallot to pan, and saute until light brown in color. Add the bay scallops and rock shrimp and saute for 1 to 2 minutes. Do not overcook scallops and shrimp. Remove from heat.
• In another saute pan, add the remaining 1/8 cup olive oil and heat. Add tomatoes, mushrooms, lemon juice, clam juice, white wine, and capers. Simmer for 2 to 3 minutes. Reduce liquid by 25 percent.
• Add the reserved seafood to the mixture of tomatoes and mushrooms. Add the green onions. In a small bowl, make a beurre manie by combining the butter and the flour and mixing until a paste is formed. Add the beurre manie to the mixture and whisk to incorporate. Bring to a simmer and cook for 1 to 2 minutes.
• Place artichoke halves in a soup bowl and ladle mixture over artichoke.

ROASTED ARTICHOKE HEARTS PROVENCAL

Steps:

• Preheat the oven to 425 degrees F.
• Toss the artichoke hearts, olives, capers, orange zest, tomatoes and garlic with the wine, olive oil, 1/2 teaspoon salt and pepper to taste in a large bowl. Transfer to a rimmed baking sheet and roast, stirring once or twice, until the tomatoes are tender, 10 to 15 minutes.
• Transfer to a platter, drizzle with olive oil, sprinkle with more salt and top with the basil.

SAUTE OF ARTICHOKES PROVENCALE

Steps:

• Remove the outer leaves of the artichokes. Cut the chokes into quarters. Scrape out the hairy leaves from the chokes, and using a knife, pare away any tough outer green parts. Place the quarters in a bowl of cold water, to which you have added the juice of half a lemon.
• Pour one cup water into a large saute pan and add the remaining ingredients except for the olives. Bring to boil, then add the artichokes. Simmer, covered, stirring frequently for 15 minutes. Uncover and cook until the artichokes and onions are tender (about five to 10 minutes). Add more water or wine if necessary.
• Arrange the artichokes on a serving dish and spoon the sauce over them. Garnish with olives and serve hot or cold.

JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES PROVENçALE

Steps:

• Using a small regular or swivel-bladed paring knife, peel the artichokes. Cut them into quarter-inch thick slices. There should be about three cups.
• Heat the oil in a saucepan and add the artichoke slices. Cook, stirring and tossing in the oil, about two minutes. Add the garlic and cook, stirring and tossing, about 30 seconds. Add the tomatoes, parsley, salt and pepper to taste. Stir and cover. Cook about eight to 10 minutes and serve.

PROVENCALE STEWED ARTICHOKES

Steps:

• Trim artichokes by tearing off outer leaves and cutting away dark areas. Cut in ? and rinse. Bring artichokes to boil in 1 quart water, 1 teaspoon salt, and 1 lemon split. Simmer about 20 minutes until slightly firm. Drain 'chokes and let cool. Reserve some liquid. Sweat onions, fennel and garlic in 2 tablespoons olive oil, bay leaf, chili pepper and herb bundle for a few minutes. Add wine, reduce to half. Add tomatoes, olives and anchovy. Simmer a few minutes, add artichokes. Cook 35 to 40 minutes until tender, then add basil leaves and 1 tablespoon olive oil. Add some cooking liquid from artichokes to thin stew if necessary. Season to taste. Serve stew chilled or warm over cooked white beans, young arugula leaves (trimmed and washed), top with shavings of Parmesan cheese, toasted pine nuts and basil flower tops;

PROVENçAL ARTICHOKE RAGOUT

Steps:

• How to trim artichokes: Fill a bowl with water, and add the juice of 1/2 lemon. Cut the stems off the artichokes, and with a sharp knife, cut away the tops - about 1/2 inch from the top for baby artichokes, 1 inch for larger artichokes. Rub the cut parts with the other half of the lemon. Break off the tough outer leaves until you reach the lighter green leaves near the middle. With a paring knife, trim the bottom of the bulb right above the stem by holding the knife at an angle and cutting around the artichoke, until you reach the light flesh beneath the tough bottoms of the leaves. Cut small baby artichokes in half, or large artichokes into quarters, and cut away the chokes if the artichokes are mature. Immediately place in the bowl of acidulated water.
• Heat the oil in a large, heavy nonstick skillet or casserole over medium heat, and add the onion and celery. Cook, stirring, until tender, about three to five minutes. Add the red pepper and about 1/4 teaspoon salt, and stir together for three to five minutes until the pepper begins to soften. Add the garlic, and stir together for another minute, until the garlic is fragrant. Add the tomatoes and a little more salt, and cook, stirring from time to time, for 10 minutes, until the tomatoes have cooked down and smell fragrant. Add the artichokes, thyme, bay leaf and enough water to cover the artichokes halfway, and bring to a simmer. Add salt and pepper, then cover and simmer 30 to 40 minutes, until the artichokes are tender and the sauce fragrant. Check from time to time and add water if necessary. Add the lemon juice, taste and adjust salt and pepper.